CM Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce — dividend yield, history & ex-dividend dates
$114.64
▲
$0.17(0.15%)
as of Sep 14, 2026 03:06 UTC
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Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC) operates as a broad-based financial services provider, extending a wide array of financial offerings and solutions. Its diverse clientele includes individuals, corporations, government entities, and large institutional clients across Canada, the United States, and globally. The bank's operations are structured into four key divisions: Canadian Personal and Business Banking; Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management; U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management; and Capital Markets. CIBC's product portfolio encompasses checking, savings, and business accounts; mortgage financing; various lending products like general loans, lines of credit, student lines of credit, and specialized business and agricultural loans; investment and insurance services; credit cards; and overdraft protection. Additionally, it delivers everyday banking, credit and borrowing facilities, specialized financial expertise, wealth management and investment advice, and international services. These also include correspondent banking, digital foreign exchange, and comprehensive cash management solutions. Established in 1867, CIBC's main corporate office is located in Toronto, Canada.
Dividend Snapshot
StatusRecently Increased
Last Dividend$0.7529Paid Jul 28, 2026
Forward Annual$3.09
FrequencyQuarterly
Last Ex-DateJun 29, 2026The most recent ex-dividend date that has already passed.
Next Ex-DateSep 28, 2026$0.7733, declared Aug 26, 2026The ex-dividend date of the next payment the company has declared, or that is scheduled when no declaration is on file. Future dates our data provider only projects are not shown.
Next Pay DateOct 28, 2026
1-Yr Growth7.1%Annual totals, 2024–2025
10-Yr Growth5.4%Annual totals, 2015–2025
Key Metrics
Current Yield
2.70%
At the Sep 14, 2026 price
The annual dividend as a percentage of the share price. A 3% yield is about $3 of dividends a year for every $100 invested at today's price.Annualized Dividend
$3.0932
The most recent payment scaled to a full year by how often it's paid. A $0.25 quarterly dividend annualizes to $1.00.Frequency
Q Quarterly
How often the dividend is paid: Q = quarterly (4x a year), M = monthly, S = semi-annual, A = annual.Rank Score
62.7
As of Sep 14, 2026
Our 0-100 house score blending yield quality, payout sustainability (the trailing-twelve-month payout ratio), profitability (TTM return on equity), valuation (TTM price-to-book) and payment reliability, recomputed daily. Higher means a stronger profile on those factors in our model — a research score, not advice or a recommendation to buy.RSI (14)
44
As of Sep 14, 2026
Relative Strength Index (0-100), a price-momentum gauge. Above 70 is often called 'overbought', below 30 'oversold'. A technical signal, not a dividend metric.52-Week Range
$79.16 – $123.74
Closes through Sep 11, 2026
The lowest and highest price over the past year — shows where today's price sits in its recent range.Payout Ratio (TTM)
42.58%
12 months to Jul 31, 2026 (Q3 FY2026)
The share of earnings paid out as dividends over the trailing twelve months (TTM): dividends paid divided by net income across the company's four most recent reported quarters, dated by the latest quarter end. A fiscal-year tag such as FY2025 means only annual figures were available. Lower leaves more cushion; above 100% means paying out more than the company earned. It shows n/a for funds and when net income over the period was negative; for REITs and BDCs it is marked EPS-based, since they are judged on FFO/AFFO or net investment income instead.Years Paying
28
How many years of payments we have on record. This can understate very long histories where our data doesn't reach far enough back.Price / Book (TTM)
2.16
Price as of Sep 14, 2026; latest reported book value
Price-to-book ratio: the share price on the date shown divided by the latest reported book value per share. A rough valuation gauge, most useful for asset-heavy sectors like REITs, banks and insurers.S.A.F.E. Dividend Read
S
Solid
Below the Solid check (model rank 70+ and yield 2%+): rank 63/100, yield 2.70%.
A
Accelerating
3 consecutive years of dividend increases.
F
Flawless
A dividend cut or reduction appears in the record.
E
Enduring
28 years of dividend payments on record.
Quote & Key Data
ExchangeNYSEThe stock exchange where the shares trade, such as NYSE or Nasdaq.
Volume897,650Sep 11, 2026 sessionHow many shares changed hands in the latest session — a rough read on trading activity.
Open$115.79Sep 11, 2026 sessionThe price at the start of the latest trading session.
Day Range$113.48 – $115.79Sep 11, 2026 sessionThe lowest and highest price during the latest trading session.
Prev Close$114.47Close of Sep 10, 2026The closing price from the previous trading session.
Market Cap$106.23BAs of Sep 14, 2026The company's total market value — share price times shares outstanding — on the date shown.
Shares Out926.61MImplied by market cap, Sep 14, 2026Shares outstanding implied by the market cap and share price on the date shown.
EPS (TTM)CAD 11.1012 months to Jul 31, 2026 (Q3 FY2026); reported in CADEarnings per share over the trailing twelve months (TTM), labeled with the end date of the latest reported quarter and shown in the company's reporting currency. Dividends are paid out of these earnings.
P/E (TTM)15.1Price as of Sep 14, 2026; earnings to Jul 31, 2026Price-to-earnings ratio: the share price on the date shown divided by trailing-twelve-month earnings per share. A rough gauge of how richly the stock is valued.
Last Ex-DateJun 29, 2026Paid Jul 28, 2026The most recent ex-dividend date that has already passed.
Next Ex-DateSep 28, 2026Pays Oct 28, 2026; declaredThe ex-dividend date of the next payment the company has declared, or that is scheduled when no declaration is on file. Future dates our data provider only projects are not shown.
Dividend Growth
3-Yr Growth (CAGR)4.4%Annual totals, 2022–2025The dividend's average annual growth rate over the period, compounded. Steady growth signals a healthy, rising payout.
5-Yr Growth (CAGR)5.8%Annual totals, 2020–2025The dividend's average annual growth rate over the period, compounded. Steady growth signals a healthy, rising payout.
Consecutive Increases3 yrsAnnual totals through 2025The number of years in a row the dividend has increased — a track record of reliability.
Why the Yield Moved (90 Days)
CM's dividend yield fell from 2.70% to 2.70% over the past ~90 days (-0.00 pp). Of that move, +0.01 pp came from changes in the dividend rate and -0.01 pp from the share price ($114.18 on Jun 16, 2026 → $114.64 on Sep 14, 2026). A yield that rises because the price fell is not an improvement in the payout itself.
Yield vs Its Own History
Current2.70%
1-Yr Average3.03%
Low / High2.43% – 4.13%
Percentile18%
Across 333 daily observations over the past 16 months (through Sep 11, 2026), CM's current yield is higher than approximately 18% of them. Our stored price history for CM covers the past 16 months; 3- and 5-year averages are not yet computable from it and are deliberately not shown.
Adjusted Price History
Dividend History
Dividend Payment History
Ex-dividend calendar →| Amount | Type | Declared | Ex-Date | Record | Pay |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $0.7733 Q | Regular upcoming, declared | Aug 26, 2026 | Sep 28, 2026 | Sep 28, 2026 | Oct 28, 2026 |
| $0.7529 Q | Regular | May 27, 2026 | Jun 29, 2026 | Jun 29, 2026 | Jul 28, 2026 |
| $0.7708 Q | Regular | Feb 25, 2026 | Mar 27, 2026 | Mar 27, 2026 | Apr 28, 2026 |
| $0.7827 Q | Regular | Dec 04, 2025 | Dec 29, 2025 | Dec 29, 2025 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| $0.6976 Q | Regular | Aug 28, 2025 | Sep 29, 2025 | Sep 29, 2025 | Oct 28, 2025 |
| $0.7098 Q | Regular | May 29, 2025 | Jun 27, 2025 | Jun 27, 2025 | Jul 28, 2025 |
| $0.6791 Q | Regular | Feb 27, 2025 | Mar 28, 2025 | Mar 28, 2025 | Apr 28, 2025 |
| $0.6900 Q | Regular | Dec 05, 2024 | Dec 27, 2024 | Dec 27, 2024 | Jan 28, 2025 |
| $0.6680 Q | Regular | Aug 29, 2024 | Sep 27, 2024 | Sep 27, 2024 | Oct 28, 2024 |
| $0.6570 Q | Regular | May 30, 2024 | Jun 28, 2024 | Jun 28, 2024 | Jul 29, 2024 |
| $0.6631 Q | Regular | Feb 29, 2024 | Mar 27, 2024 | Mar 28, 2024 | Apr 29, 2024 |
| $0.6820 Q | Regular | Dec 01, 2023 | Dec 27, 2023 | Dec 28, 2023 | Jan 29, 2024 |
| $0.6444 Q | Regular | Aug 31, 2023 | Sep 27, 2023 | Sep 28, 2023 | Oct 27, 2023 |
| $0.6620 Q | Regular | May 25, 2023 | Jun 27, 2023 | Jun 28, 2023 | Jul 28, 2023 |
| $0.6180 Q | Regular | Feb 24, 2023 | Mar 27, 2023 | Mar 28, 2023 | Apr 28, 2023 |
| $0.6298 Q | Regular | Dec 01, 2022 | Dec 27, 2022 | Dec 28, 2022 | Jan 27, 2023 |
| $0.6320 Q | Regular | Aug 25, 2022 | Sep 27, 2022 | Sep 28, 2022 | Oct 28, 2022 |
| $0.6560 Q | Regular | May 26, 2022 | Jun 27, 2022 | Jun 28, 2022 | Jul 28, 2022 |
| $1.2700 Q | Regular | Feb 24, 2022 | Mar 25, 2022 | Mar 28, 2022 | Apr 28, 2022 |
| $3.2200 Q | Regular | Dec 02, 2021 | Dec 28, 2021 | Dec 29, 2021 | Jan 28, 2022 |
| $1.1570 Q | Regular | Aug 26, 2021 | Sep 27, 2021 | Sep 28, 2021 | Oct 28, 2021 |
| $1.2051 Q | Regular | May 28, 2021 | Jun 25, 2021 | Jun 28, 2021 | Jul 28, 2021 |
| $1.1580 Q | Regular | Feb 26, 2021 | Mar 26, 2021 | Mar 29, 2021 | Apr 28, 2021 |
| $1.1369 Q | Regular | Dec 03, 2020 | Dec 24, 2020 | Dec 29, 2020 | Jan 28, 2021 |
| $1.1190 Q | Regular | Aug 28, 2020 | Sep 25, 2020 | Sep 28, 2020 | Oct 28, 2020 |
| $1.0710 Q | Regular | May 28, 2020 | Jun 26, 2020 | Jun 29, 2020 | Jul 28, 2020 |
| $1.0290 Q | Regular | Feb 28, 2020 | Mar 26, 2020 | Mar 27, 2020 | Apr 28, 2020 |
| $1.0950 Q | Regular | Dec 05, 2019 | Dec 24, 2019 | Dec 27, 2019 | Jan 28, 2020 |
| $1.0850 Q | Regular | Aug 22, 2019 | Sep 26, 2019 | Sep 27, 2019 | Oct 28, 2019 |
| $1.0670 Q | Regular | May 22, 2019 | Jun 27, 2019 | Jun 28, 2019 | Jul 29, 2019 |
| $2.8000 Q | Regular | Mar 01, 2019 | Mar 27, 2019 | Mar 28, 2019 | Apr 29, 2019 |
| $1.0020 Q | Regular | Nov 29, 2018 | Dec 27, 2018 | Dec 28, 2018 | Jan 28, 2019 |
| $1.0450 Q | Regular | Aug 23, 2018 | Sep 27, 2018 | Sep 28, 2018 | Oct 29, 2018 |
| $0.9990 Q | Regular | May 23, 2018 | Jun 27, 2018 | Jun 28, 2018 | Jul 27, 2018 |
| $1.0360 Q | Regular | Feb 22, 2018 | Mar 27, 2018 | Mar 28, 2018 | Apr 27, 2018 |
| $1.0250 Q | Regular | Nov 30, 2017 | Dec 27, 2017 | Dec 28, 2017 | Jan 29, 2018 |
| $1.3000 Q | Regular | Aug 24, 2017 | Sep 27, 2017 | Sep 28, 2017 | Oct 27, 2017 |
| $0.9570 Q | Regular | May 25, 2017 | Jun 26, 2017 | Jun 28, 2017 | Jul 28, 2017 |
| $0.9510 Q | Regular | Feb 23, 2017 | Mar 24, 2017 | Mar 28, 2017 | Apr 28, 2017 |
| $0.9230 Q | Regular | Dec 01, 2016 | Dec 22, 2016 | Dec 28, 2016 | Jan 27, 2017 |
| $0.9190 Q | Regular | Aug 25, 2016 | Sep 26, 2016 | Sep 28, 2016 | Oct 28, 2016 |
| $0.9490 Q | Regular | May 26, 2016 | Jun 24, 2016 | Jun 28, 2016 | Jul 28, 2016 |
| $0.9040 Q | Regular | Feb 25, 2016 | Mar 23, 2016 | Mar 28, 2016 | Apr 28, 2016 |
| $0.8260 Q | Regular | Dec 03, 2015 | Dec 23, 2015 | Dec 29, 2015 | Jan 28, 2016 |
| $0.8410 Q | Regular | Aug 27, 2015 | Sep 24, 2015 | Sep 28, 2015 | Oct 28, 2015 |
| $1.0900 Q | Regular | May 29, 2015 | Jun 25, 2015 | Jun 29, 2015 | Jul 28, 2015 |
| $0.8480 Q | Regular | Feb 26, 2015 | Mar 25, 2015 | Mar 27, 2015 | Apr 28, 2015 |
| $0.8860 Q | Regular | Dec 04, 2014 | Dec 24, 2014 | Dec 29, 2014 | Jan 28, 2015 |
| $1.0000 Q | Regular | Aug 28, 2014 | Sep 25, 2014 | Sep 29, 2014 | Oct 28, 2014 |
| $1.0000 Q | Regular | May 29, 2014 | Jun 25, 2014 | Jun 27, 2014 | Jul 28, 2014 |
| $0.9800 Q | Regular | Feb 27, 2014 | Mar 26, 2014 | Mar 28, 2014 | Apr 28, 2014 |
| $0.9050 Q | Regular | Dec 05, 2013 | Dec 24, 2013 | Dec 27, 2013 | Jan 28, 2014 |
| $0.9600 Q | Regular | Aug 29, 2013 | Sep 25, 2013 | Sep 27, 2013 | Oct 28, 2013 |
| $0.9600 Q | Regular | May 30, 2013 | Jun 26, 2013 | Jun 28, 2013 | Jul 29, 2013 |
| $0.9400 Q | Regular | Feb 28, 2013 | Mar 26, 2013 | Mar 28, 2013 | Apr 29, 2013 |
| $0.9470 Q | Regular | Dec 09, 2012 | Dec 26, 2012 | Dec 28, 2012 | Jan 28, 2013 |
| $0.9400 Q | Regular | Aug 30, 2012 | Sep 26, 2012 | Sep 28, 2012 | Oct 29, 2012 |
| $0.9000 Q | Regular | May 31, 2012 | Jun 26, 2012 | Jun 28, 2012 | Jul 27, 2012 |
| $0.9000 Q | Regular | Mar 08, 2012 | Mar 26, 2012 | Mar 28, 2012 | Apr 27, 2012 |
| $0.9000 Q | Regular | Dec 01, 2011 | Dec 23, 2011 | Dec 28, 2011 | Jan 27, 2012 |
| $0.9000 Q | Regular | Aug 31, 2011 | Sep 26, 2011 | Sep 28, 2011 | Oct 28, 2011 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | May 26, 2011 | Jun 24, 2011 | Jun 28, 2011 | Jul 28, 2011 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Feb 24, 2011 | Mar 24, 2011 | Mar 28, 2011 | Apr 28, 2011 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Dec 02, 2010 | Dec 27, 2010 | Dec 29, 2010 | Jan 28, 2011 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Aug 25, 2010 | Sep 24, 2010 | Sep 28, 2010 | Oct 28, 2010 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | May 27, 2010 | Jun 24, 2010 | Jun 28, 2010 | Jul 28, 2010 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Feb 25, 2010 | Mar 25, 2010 | Mar 29, 2010 | Apr 28, 2010 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Dec 03, 2009 | Dec 24, 2009 | Dec 29, 2009 | Jan 28, 2010 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Aug 26, 2009 | Sep 24, 2009 | Sep 28, 2009 | Oct 28, 2009 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | May 28, 2009 | Jun 25, 2009 | Jun 29, 2009 | Jul 28, 2009 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Feb 26, 2009 | Mar 25, 2009 | Mar 27, 2009 | Apr 28, 2009 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Dec 04, 2008 | Dec 24, 2008 | Dec 29, 2008 | Jan 28, 2009 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Aug 27, 2008 | Sep 25, 2008 | Sep 29, 2008 | Oct 28, 2008 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | May 29, 2008 | Jun 25, 2008 | Jun 27, 2008 | Jul 28, 2008 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Feb 28, 2008 | Mar 26, 2008 | Mar 28, 2008 | Apr 28, 2008 |
| $0.8830 Q | Regular | Dec 06, 2007 | Dec 24, 2007 | Dec 28, 2007 | Jan 28, 2008 |
| $0.8700 Q | Regular | Aug 30, 2007 | Sep 26, 2007 | Sep 28, 2007 | Oct 29, 2007 |
| $0.7700 Q | Regular | May 31, 2007 | Jun 26, 2007 | Jun 28, 2007 | Jul 27, 2007 |
| $0.7700 Q | Regular | Mar 01, 2007 | Mar 26, 2007 | Mar 28, 2007 | Apr 27, 2007 |
| $0.6057 Q | Regular | Dec 07, 2006 | Dec 22, 2006 | Dec 28, 2006 | Jan 29, 2007 |
| $0.7000 Q | Regular | Aug 31, 2006 | Sep 26, 2006 | Sep 28, 2006 | Oct 27, 2006 |
| $0.7000 Q | Regular | Jun 01, 2006 | Jun 26, 2006 | Jun 28, 2006 | Jul 28, 2006 |
| $0.6800 Q | Regular | Mar 02, 2006 | Mar 24, 2006 | Mar 28, 2006 | Apr 28, 2006 |
| $0.6800 Q | Regular | Dec 01, 2005 | Dec 23, 2005 | Dec 28, 2005 | Jan 27, 2006 |
| $0.6800 Q | Regular | Aug 24, 2005 | Sep 26, 2005 | Sep 28, 2005 | Oct 28, 2005 |
| $0.6800 Q | Regular | May 25, 2005 | Jun 24, 2005 | Jun 28, 2005 | Jul 28, 2005 |
| $0.6500 Q | Regular | Feb 24, 2005 | Mar 23, 2005 | Mar 28, 2005 | Apr 28, 2005 |
| $0.6500 Q | Regular | Dec 02, 2004 | Dec 27, 2004 | Dec 29, 2004 | Jan 28, 2005 |
| $0.6000 Q | Regular | Aug 25, 2004 | Sep 24, 2004 | Sep 28, 2004 | Oct 28, 2004 |
| $0.6000 Q | Regular | May 27, 2004 | Jun 24, 2004 | Jun 28, 2004 | Jul 28, 2004 |
| $0.5000 Q | Regular | Feb 26, 2004 | Mar 25, 2004 | Mar 29, 2004 | Apr 28, 2004 |
| $0.5000 Q | Regular | Nov 26, 2003 | Dec 24, 2003 | Dec 29, 2003 | Jan 28, 2004 |
| $0.4100 Q | Regular | Sep 04, 2003 | Sep 25, 2003 | Sep 29, 2003 | Oct 28, 2003 |
| $0.4100 Q | Regular | Jun 05, 2003 | Jun 25, 2003 | Jun 27, 2003 | Jul 28, 2003 |
| $0.4100 Q | Regular | Feb 28, 2003 | Mar 26, 2003 | Mar 28, 2003 | Apr 28, 2003 |
| $0.2644 Q | Regular | Dec 05, 2002 | Dec 23, 2002 | Dec 27, 2002 | Jan 28, 2003 |
| $0.4100 Q | Regular | Sep 25, 2002 | Sep 25, 2002 | Sep 27, 2002 | Oct 28, 2002 |
| $0.4100 Q | Regular | Jun 07, 2002 | Jun 26, 2002 | Jun 28, 2002 | Jul 29, 2002 |
| $0.4100 Q | Regular | Feb 28, 2002 | Mar 26, 2002 | Mar 28, 2002 | Apr 29, 2002 |
| $0.2336 Q | Regular | Dec 06, 2001 | Dec 24, 2001 | Dec 28, 2001 | Jan 28, 2002 |
| $0.3700 Q | Regular | Sep 06, 2001 | Sep 26, 2001 | Sep 28, 2001 | Oct 29, 2001 |
| $0.3700 Q | Regular | Jun 07, 2001 | Jun 26, 2001 | Jun 28, 2001 | Jul 27, 2001 |
| $0.3700 Q | Regular | Mar 01, 2001 | Mar 26, 2001 | Mar 28, 2001 | Apr 27, 2001 |
| $0.3300 Q | Regular | Dec 07, 2000 | Dec 26, 2000 | Dec 28, 2000 | Jan 29, 2001 |
| $0.3300 Q | Regular | Sep 07, 2000 | Sep 26, 2000 | Sep 28, 2000 | Oct 27, 2000 |
| $0.3300 Q | Regular | Jun 05, 2000 | Jun 26, 2000 | Jun 28, 2000 | Jul 28, 2000 |
| $0.3300 Q | Regular | Mar 02, 2000 | Mar 24, 2000 | Mar 28, 2000 | Apr 28, 2000 |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | Dec 02, 1999 | Dec 27, 1999 | Dec 29, 1999 | Jan 28, 2000 |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | Sep 02, 1999 | Sep 24, 1999 | Sep 28, 1999 | Oct 28, 1999 |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | Jun 03, 1999 | Jun 24, 1999 | Jun 28, 1999 | Jul 28, 1999 |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | - | Mar 25, 1999 | - | - |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | - | Dec 24, 1998 | - | - |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | - | Sep 24, 1998 | - | - |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | - | Jun 25, 1998 | - | - |
| $0.3000 Q | Regular | - | Mar 25, 1998 | - | - |
| $0.2086 Q | Regular | - | Dec 24, 1997 | - | - |
Peer Comparison
Selected Banks - Diversified dividend payers we cover, strongest DividendRank first — for context, not a recommendation.
| Ticker | Name | Yield | 5-Yr Growth | Streak | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USB | U.S. Bancorp | 3.44% | 4.0% | 15 yrs | 75 |
| CICHF | China Construction Bank Corporation | 5.07% | 12.5% | 2 yrs | 74 |
| CICHY | China Construction Bank Corporation | 4.83% | 12.7% | 5 yrs | 72 |
| WFC | Wells Fargo & Company | 2.22% | 6.9% | 4 yrs | 71 |
Related Guides & Lists
CM dividend — frequently asked questions
Does Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce pay a dividend?
Yes. Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CM) currently pays a dividend. The annualized dividend is about $3.09 per share, a yield of approximately 2.70%.
What is Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce's dividend yield?
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce's dividend yield is approximately 2.70%, based on the most recent regular payment annualized against the current share price. Yields move as the share price changes.
How often does Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce pay dividends?
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce pays dividends quarterly — 4 times per year.
When is Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce's next ex-dividend date?
The next declared ex-dividend date for Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce is September 28, 2026. The associated payment is $0.7733 per share; you must own the shares before the ex-dividend date to receive it.
How long has Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce paid dividends?
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce has 28 years of dividend payments on record, and has increased its dividend for 3 consecutive years.
Data updated Sep 14, 2026. This research page is generated from Dividendly's structured market and dividend dataset using the approach described on our methodology and data sources pages. Data is automatically validated using defined rules and may also be periodically reviewed. Research only, not investment advice. Spotted a data error? Report it.